Reference
Film Reciprocity Failure Charts
Corrected exposure times for 50+ film stocks. Manufacturer data, community-tested values, and p-value formulas - all in one place.
What is reciprocity failure?
Film emulsions follow the reciprocity law: halving the light and doubling the time should give the same exposure. This works for normal shutter speeds, but breaks down for long exposures (typically beyond 1 second).
At long exposure times, film loses sensitivity. A metered exposure of 10 seconds might actually need 20, 50, or even 200 seconds depending on the film stock. This is called reciprocity failure, and every film behaves differently.
How to use these charts
Find your film stock below. Look up your metered time in the left column and read the corrected time from the right column. For times between data points, interpolate or use the p-value formula: corrected = metered^p
Films with lookup tables have manufacturer-provided correction data. Films with p-values use the power formula for correction. Films with thresholds need no correction below the threshold time.
Kodak
Kodak Film Stocks
Official Kodak datasheets (F-4017, F-4016, F-4043, F-4001, E-4000, E-31) and community-tested values.
Kodak Tri-X 400
Official Kodak F-4017 datasheet
p = 1.54
| Metered | Corrected | Factor |
|---|---|---|
| 1s | 2s | 2.0x |
| 3s | 10s | 3.3x |
| 5s | 20s | 4.0x |
| 10s | 50s | 5.0x |
| 35s | 4m 10s | 7.1x |
| 1m | 9m 10s | 9.2x |
| 1m 25s | 15m 50s | 11.2x |
| 1m 40s | 20m | 12.0x |
Kodak T-Max 100
Official Kodak F-4016 datasheet
p = 1.15
| Metered | Corrected | Factor |
|---|---|---|
| 1s | 1.3s | 1.3x |
| 2s | 2.2s | 1.1x |
| 4s | 4.9s | 1.2x |
| 8s | 11s | 1.4x |
| 10s | 14s | 1.4x |
| 15s | 22s | 1.5x |
| 30s | 49s | 1.6x |
| 1m | 1m 49s | 1.8x |
| 1m 40s | 3m 20s | 2.0x |
Kodak T-Max 400
Official Kodak F-4043 datasheet
p = 1.24
| Metered | Corrected | Factor |
|---|---|---|
| 1s | 1.3s | 1.3x |
| 2s | 2.4s | 1.2x |
| 4s | 5.5s | 1.4x |
| 8s | 13s | 1.6x |
| 10s | 17s | 1.7x |
| 15s | 28s | 1.9x |
| 30s | 1m 5s | 2.2x |
| 1m | 2m 34s | 2.6x |
| 1m 40s | 5m 2s | 3.0x |
Kodak T-Max P3200
Official Kodak F-4001 datasheet
p ~ 1.15
| Metered | Corrected | Factor |
|---|---|---|
| 1s | 1.3s | 1.3x |
| 2s | 2.3s | 1.2x |
| 4s | 5s | 1.3x |
| 8s | 11s | 1.4x |
| 10s | 14s | 1.4x |
| 15s | 22s | 1.5x |
| 30s | 50s | 1.7x |
| 1m | 1m 50s | 1.8x |
| 1m 40s | 3m 20s | 2.0x |
Kodak Ektar 100
Community tested (Timothy Hutto)
p ~ 1.30
| Metered | Corrected | Factor |
|---|---|---|
| 1s | 1.4s | 1.4x |
| 2s | 2.9s | 1.5x |
| 4s | 6.3s | 1.6x |
| 8s | 14s | 1.8x |
| 10s | 18s | 1.8x |
| 15s | 30s | 2.0x |
| 30s | 1m 8s | 2.3x |
| 1m | 2m 39s | 2.7x |
| 1m 30s | 4m 21s | 2.9x |
| 2m | 6m 12s | 3.1x |
| 4m | 14m 32s | 3.6x |
Kodak Portra 160
Community consensus
p ~ 1.30
| Metered | Corrected | Factor |
|---|---|---|
| 1s | 1.5s | 1.5x |
| 2s | 3s | 1.5x |
| 4s | 7s | 1.8x |
| 8s | 16s | 2.0x |
| 10s | 22s | 2.2x |
| 15s | 38s | 2.5x |
| 30s | 1m 30s | 3.0x |
| 1m | 3m 30s | 3.5x |
| 2m | 8m | 4.0x |
Kodak Portra 400
Community consensus
p ~ 1.30
| Metered | Corrected | Factor |
|---|---|---|
| 1s | 1.5s | 1.5x |
| 2s | 3s | 1.5x |
| 4s | 6s | 1.5x |
| 8s | 14s | 1.8x |
| 10s | 18s | 1.8x |
| 15s | 30s | 2.0x |
| 30s | 1m 15s | 2.5x |
| 1m | 3m | 3.0x |
| 2m | 7m | 3.5x |
Kodak Portra 800
Community estimate (worse than 160/400)
p ~ 1.40
| Metered | Corrected | Factor |
|---|---|---|
| 1s | 2s | 2.0x |
| 2s | 4s | 2.0x |
| 4s | 10s | 2.5x |
| 8s | 22s | 2.8x |
| 10s | 30s | 3.0x |
| 15s | 50s | 3.3x |
| 30s | 2m 10s | 4.3x |
| 1m | 5m 20s | 5.3x |
Kodak Ektachrome E100
Official Kodak E-4000
p ~ 1.08 (very mild)
| Metered | Corrected | Factor |
|---|---|---|
| 1s | 1s | 1.0x |
| 10s | 10s | 1.0x |
| 15s | 18s | 1.2x |
| 20s | 28s | 1.4x |
| 30s | 42s | 1.4x |
| 40s | 57s | 1.4x |
| 1m | 1m 30s | 1.5x |
| 1m 40s | 2m 25s | 1.5x |
| 2m | 2m 55s | 1.5x |
Kodak Plus-X 125
Official Kodak E-31 (discontinued)
p ~ 1.54
| Metered | Corrected | Factor |
|---|---|---|
| 1s | 2s | 2.0x |
| 3s | 10s | 3.3x |
| 5s | 20s | 4.0x |
| 10s | 50s | 5.0x |
| 35s | 4m 10s | 7.1x |
| 1m | 9m 10s | 9.2x |
| 1m 40s | 20m | 12.0x |
Kodak Gold / UltraMax / ColorPlus
P-value estimate
p = 1.30
corrected = metered^1.30
10s metered = 20s corrected |
30s metered = 74s corrected |
60s metered = 176s corrected
Kodak Pro Image 100
Threshold behavior
p = 1.30
No correction needed below 10 seconds. Above 10s, apply formula:
corrected = metered^1.30
Kodak Kodachrome
NOT RECOMMENDED for long exposures (severe failure)
p = 1.60
corrected = metered^1.60
10s metered = 40s corrected |
30s metered = 183s corrected |
60s metered = 556s corrected
Kodak Double-X 5222 / CineStill BwXX
P-value estimate
p = 1.25
corrected = metered^1.25
10s metered = 18s corrected |
30s metered = 64s corrected |
60s metered = 152s corrected
Fujifilm
Fujifilm Stocks
Official Fujifilm datasheets and community-tested values. Fuji slide films have some of the best reciprocity characteristics available.
Fuji Neopan Acros 100 / Acros II
Threshold behavior - exceptional reciprocity
p = 1.02
No correction needed below 120 seconds (2 minutes). Acros has industry-leading reciprocity performance. Above 120s, apply formula:
corrected = metered^1.02 - virtually no correction needed.
Fuji Velvia 50
Official + Bruce Percy
p ~ 1.24
| Metered | Corrected | Factor |
|---|---|---|
| 1s | 1s | 1.0x |
| 2s | 2s | 1.0x |
| 4s | 5s | 1.3x |
| 8s | 12s | 1.5x |
| 16s | 28s | 1.8x |
| 30s | 1m 6s | 2.2x |
| 1m | 2m 30s | 2.5x |
| 2m | 4m 50s | 2.4x |
Fuji Velvia 100
Official Fuji datasheet
p ~ 1.04 (excellent)
| Metered | Corrected | Factor |
|---|---|---|
| 1s | 1s | 1.0x |
| 30s | 30s | 1.0x |
| 1m | 1m | 1.0x |
| 2m | 2m 32s | 1.3x |
| 4m | 5m 40s | 1.4x |
| 8m | 13m | 1.6x |
Fuji Provia 100F
Official Fuji datasheet
p ~ 1.03 (outstanding)
| Metered | Corrected | Factor |
|---|---|---|
| 1s | 1s | 1.0x |
| 1m | 1m | 1.0x |
| 2m | 2m | 1.0x |
| 4m | 5m 3s | 1.3x |
| 8m | 11m 20s | 1.4x |
| 16m | 25m 20s | 1.6x |
Fuji Astia 100F
Official Fuji datasheet
p ~ 1.10
| Metered | Corrected | Factor |
|---|---|---|
| 1s | 1s | 1.0x |
| 32s | 32s | 1.0x |
| 1m 4s | 1m 41s | 1.6x |
| 2m | 4m | 2.0x |
| 4m | 8m | 2.0x |
Fuji Pro 400H
Official + community (discontinued)
p ~ 1.35
| Metered | Corrected | Factor |
|---|---|---|
| 1s | 1s | 1.0x |
| 2s | 2.5s | 1.3x |
| 4s | 5s | 1.3x |
| 8s | 12s | 1.5x |
| 16s | 32s | 2.0x |
| 30s | 1m 15s | 2.5x |
| 1m | 3m | 3.0x |
Fuji C200
Official Fuji datasheet
p ~ 1.25
| Metered | Corrected | Factor |
|---|---|---|
| 1s | 1s | 1.0x |
| 2s | 2s | 1.0x |
| 4s | 5s | 1.3x (+1/3 stop) |
| 8s | 9s | 1.1x |
| 16s | 25s | 1.6x (+2/3 stop) |
| 30s | 52s | 1.7x |
| 1m | 2m | 2.0x (+1 stop) |
| 2m | 4m 40s | 2.3x |
Fuji Pro 800Z / Press 800 / NPZ 800
Threshold behavior - excellent reciprocity
p = 1.35
No correction needed below 64 seconds. Above 64s, apply formula:
corrected = metered^1.35
Fuji Industrial 100 / Fujicolor 100
Official Fuji data
p = 1.50
corrected = metered^1.50
10s metered = 32s corrected |
30s metered = 164s corrected |
60s metered = 465s corrected
Fuji Superia 400
P-value estimate
p = 1.35
corrected = metered^1.35
10s metered = 22s corrected |
30s metered = 87s corrected |
60s metered = 222s corrected
Fuji Neopan 400
Threshold behavior
p = 1.05
No correction needed below 120 seconds (2 minutes). Above 120s, apply formula:
corrected = metered^1.05
Fuji Neopan 1600
Early onset reciprocity (discontinued)
p = 1.55
corrected = metered^1.55
10s metered = 35s corrected |
30s metered = 165s corrected |
60s metered = 486s corrected
Fuji Natura 1600
P-value estimate (discontinued)
p = 1.45
corrected = metered^1.45
10s metered = 28s corrected |
30s metered = 123s corrected |
60s metered = 337s corrected
Ilford
Ilford Film Stocks
Official Ilford reciprocity data with published p-factors. Ilford provides the most transparent reciprocity documentation of any manufacturer.
Ilford HP5 Plus
Official Ilford datasheet
p = 1.31
| Metered | Corrected | Factor |
|---|---|---|
| 1s | 1s | 1.0x |
| 2s | 2.5s | 1.3x |
| 4s | 6s | 1.5x |
| 8s | 15s | 1.9x |
| 10s | 20s | 2.0x |
| 15s | 36s | 2.4x |
| 20s | 54s | 2.7x |
| 30s | 1m 36s | 3.2x |
| 1m | 4m 1s | 4.0x |
| 1m 40s | 6m 57s | 4.2x |
| 2m | 8m 45s | 4.4x |
Ilford FP4 Plus
Official Ilford datasheet
p = 1.26
| Metered | Corrected | Factor |
|---|---|---|
| 1s | 1s | 1.0x |
| 2s | 2.4s | 1.2x |
| 4s | 6s | 1.5x |
| 8s | 14s | 1.8x |
| 10s | 18s | 1.8x |
| 15s | 31s | 2.1x |
| 20s | 46s | 2.3x |
| 30s | 1m 20s | 2.7x |
| 1m | 3m 13s | 3.2x |
| 1m 40s | 5m 31s | 3.3x |
| 2m | 6m 54s | 3.5x |
Ilford Delta 400
Official Ilford datasheet
p = 1.41
| Metered | Corrected | Factor |
|---|---|---|
| 1s | 1s | 1.0x |
| 2s | 2.7s | 1.4x |
| 4s | 7s | 1.8x |
| 8s | 19s | 2.4x |
| 10s | 26s | 2.6x |
| 15s | 47s | 3.1x |
| 20s | 1m 13s | 3.7x |
| 30s | 2m 16s | 4.5x |
| 1m | 6m | 6.0x |
| 1m 40s | 10m 46s | 6.5x |
| 2m | 13m 42s | 6.9x |
Ilford SFX 200
Official Ilford datasheet (worst Ilford film)
p = 1.43
| Metered | Corrected | Factor |
|---|---|---|
| 1s | 1s | 1.0x |
| 2s | 2.7s | 1.4x |
| 4s | 7s | 1.8x |
| 8s | 20s | 2.5x |
| 10s | 27s | 2.7x |
| 15s | 50s | 3.3x |
| 20s | 1m 18s | 3.9x |
| 30s | 2m 25s | 4.8x |
| 1m | 6m 30s | 6.5x |
| 1m 40s | 11m 43s | 7.0x |
| 2m | 14m 58s | 7.5x |
Ilford Ortho Plus
Official Ilford datasheet (best Ilford film)
p = 1.25
| Metered | Corrected | Factor |
|---|---|---|
| 1s | 1s | 1.0x |
| 2s | 2.4s | 1.2x |
| 4s | 6s | 1.5x |
| 8s | 13s | 1.6x |
| 10s | 18s | 1.8x |
| 15s | 30s | 2.0x |
| 20s | 45s | 2.3x |
| 30s | 1m 17s | 2.6x |
| 1m | 3m 4s | 3.1x |
| 1m 40s | 5m 16s | 3.2x |
| 2m | 6m 35s | 3.3x |
Ilford Delta 100
Same profile as FP4
p = 1.26
corrected = metered^1.26
10s metered = 18s |
30s metered = 71s |
60s metered = 171s
Ilford Delta 3200
Official Ilford p-factor
p = 1.33
corrected = metered^1.33
10s metered = 21s |
30s metered = 83s |
60s metered = 208s
Ilford Pan F Plus
Official Ilford p-factor
p = 1.33
corrected = metered^1.33
10s metered = 21s |
30s metered = 83s |
60s metered = 208s
Ilford XP2 Super
Same as HP5
p = 1.31
corrected = metered^1.31
10s metered = 20s |
30s metered = 80s |
60s metered = 198s
Kentmere 100
Ilford subsidiary
p = 1.26
corrected = metered^1.26
10s metered = 18s |
30s metered = 71s |
60s metered = 171s
Kentmere 400
Ilford subsidiary
p = 1.30
corrected = metered^1.30
10s metered = 20s |
30s metered = 74s |
60s metered = 176s
Harman Phoenix 200
Based on Phoenix emulsion
p = 1.31
corrected = metered^1.31
10s metered = 20s |
30s metered = 80s |
60s metered = 198s
Ilfocolor 400 Cine Tone
Vision3 500T base
p = 1.30
corrected = metered^1.30
10s metered = 20s |
30s metered = 74s |
60s metered = 176s
Fomapan
Fomapan / Foma
Fomapan films have notably severe reciprocity failure. Plan for significantly longer corrected times than most other manufacturers.
Fomapan 100 Classic
Official Foma datasheet (severe failure)
p ~ 1.70
| Metered | Corrected | Factor |
|---|---|---|
| 1s | 2s | 2.0x |
| 2s | 7s | 3.5x |
| 4s | 21s | 5.3x |
| 8s | 59s | 7.4x |
| 10s | 1m 20s | 8.0x |
| 16s | 2m 32s | 9.5x |
| 32s | 6m 17s | 11.8x |
| 1m 4s | 15m 15s | 14.3x |
| 1m 40s | 13m 20s | 8.0x |
| 2m 8s | 36m 13s | 17.0x |
Fomapan 200 Creative
P-value estimate
p = 1.62
corrected = metered^1.62
10s metered = 42s corrected |
30s metered = 197s corrected |
60s metered = 605s corrected
Fomapan 400 Action
Less severe than Fomapan 100
p ~ 1.62
| Metered | Corrected | Factor |
|---|---|---|
| 1s | 1.5s | 1.5x |
| 10s | 50s | 5.0x |
| 15s | 1m 38s | 6.5x |
| 20s | 2m 17s | 6.9x |
| 1m 40s | 13m 20s | 8.0x |
Fomapan R 100 (reversal)
Same emulsion as Classic
p ~ 1.70
Same table as Fomapan 100 Classic above
Retropan 320 Soft
P-value estimate
p = 1.62
corrected = metered^1.62
10s metered = 42s corrected |
30s metered = 197s corrected
Rollei
Rollei Film Stocks
Rollei RPX 25
Official Rollei datasheet
p ~ 1.35
| Metered | Corrected | Factor |
|---|---|---|
| 2s | 3s | 1.5x |
| 10s | 21s | 2.1x |
| 20s | 54s | 2.7x |
| 50s | 3m 1s | 3.6x |
Rollei Infrared 400
Official Rollei value
p = 1.43
corrected = metered^1.43
10s metered = 27s |
30s metered = 113s |
60s metered = 302s
Rollei Retro 80S
Community tested (Agfa Aviphot Pan 80 base)
p = 1.49
corrected = metered^1.49
10s metered = 31s |
30s metered = 141s |
60s metered = 402s
Rollei Retro 400S
Agfa Aviphot 400S base
p = 1.28
corrected = metered^1.28
10s metered = 19s |
30s metered = 70s |
60s metered = 168s
Rollei Superpan 200
Community tested - relatively good
p = 1.20
corrected = metered^1.20
10s metered = 16s |
30s metered = 57s |
60s metered = 131s
Rollei Blackbird 100
Estimate
p = 1.35
corrected = metered^1.35
10s metered = 22s |
30s metered = 87s |
60s metered = 222s
ADOX
ADOX Film Stocks
ADOX CMS 20 II
Official ADOX datasheet - very low reciprocity failure
p = 1.15
corrected = metered^1.15
10s metered = 14s |
30s metered = 49s |
60s metered = 109s
ADOX CHS 100 II
Official ADOX datasheet
p ~ 1.40
| Metered | Corrected | Factor |
|---|---|---|
| 1s | 1s | 1.0x |
| 2s | 3s | 1.5x |
| 4s | 8s | 2.0x |
| 8s | 20s | 2.5x |
| 15s | 45s | 3.0x |
| 30s | 2m | 4.0x |
| 1m | 6m 30s | 6.5x |
ADOX HR-50 / Leica MONOPAN 50
Official ADOX datasheet
p ~ 1.20
| Metered | Corrected | Factor |
|---|---|---|
| 0.5s | 0.6s | 1.2x (+1/3 stop) |
| 1s | 1.3s | 1.3x (+1/3 stop) |
| 2s | 2.4s | 1.2x (+1/2 stop) |
| 4s | 5.6s | 1.4x (+1/2 stop) |
| 8s | 13s | 1.6x (+2/3 stop) |
| 15s | 28s | 1.9x (+1 stop) |
| 30s | 1m 15s | 2.5x (+1.33 stops) |
ADOX Scala 160
Official ADOX data
p = 1.25
corrected = metered^1.25
10s metered = 18s |
30s metered = 64s |
60s metered = 152s
ADOX Color Mission 200
Estimate
p = 1.40
corrected = metered^1.40
10s metered = 25s |
30s metered = 104s |
60s metered = 275s
ADOX Silvermax 100
Estimate
p = 1.35
corrected = metered^1.35
10s metered = 22s |
30s metered = 87s |
60s metered = 222s
Bergger
Bergger Film Stocks
Bergger Pancro 400
Official + community
p ~ 1.31
| Metered | Corrected | Factor |
|---|---|---|
| 1s | 1.4s | 1.4x |
| 10s | 25s | 2.5x |
| 1m | 4m | 4.0x |
Agfa
Agfa Film Stocks
Agfa films are discontinued but still widely available on the second-hand market and in cold storage.
Agfa APX 100
Official Agfa datasheet
p ~ 1.53
| Metered | Corrected | Factor |
|---|---|---|
| 1s | 2s | 2.0x |
| 2s | 4s | 2.0x |
| 4s | 11s | 2.8x |
| 8s | 29s | 3.6x |
| 10s | 39s | 3.9x |
| 20s | 1m 47s | 5.4x |
| 30s | 3m 15s | 6.5x |
| 40s | 5m | 7.5x |
| 50s | 7m | 8.4x |
| 1m | 9m 12s | 9.2x |
| 1m 40s | 13m 20s | 8.0x |
Agfa Vista 200
Official Agfa 2003 datasheet
p ~ 1.25
| Metered | Corrected | Factor |
|---|---|---|
| 1s | 1s | 1.0x |
| 2s | 2s | 1.0x |
| 4s | 5s | 1.3x (+1/3 stop) |
| 8s | 11s | 1.4x |
| 16s | 25s | 1.6x (+2/3 stop) |
| 32s | 56s | 1.8x |
| 1m 4s | 2m 8s | 2.0x (+1 stop) |
Agfa APX 400
P-value estimate
p = 1.53
corrected = metered^1.53
10s metered = 34s |
30s metered = 155s |
60s metered = 446s
Agfa Vista 400
Official Agfa datasheet
p = 1.30
corrected = metered^1.30
10s metered = 20s |
30s metered = 74s |
60s metered = 176s
Agfa Ultra 100
Official Agfa datasheet (good reciprocity)
p = 1.20
corrected = metered^1.20
10s metered = 16s |
30s metered = 57s |
60s metered = 131s
Agfa Scala 200X / RSX II / CT Precisa
Official Agfa datasheet
p = 1.25
corrected = metered^1.25
10s metered = 18s |
30s metered = 64s |
60s metered = 152s
Efke
Efke Film Stocks
Discontinued Croatian manufacturer. Known for extremely thin emulsions and distinctive character.
Efke 100
Community tested (Matt Miller, 8x10)
p ~ 1.45
| Metered | Corrected | Factor |
|---|---|---|
| 1s | 2s | 2.0x |
| 2s | 5s | 2.5x |
| 4s | 15s | 3.8x |
| 8s | 35s | 4.4x |
| 15s | 1m 30s | 6.0x |
| 30s | 3m 15s | 6.5x |
| 1m | 8m 45s | 8.8x |
Efke 25
Community tested - excellent reciprocity
p = 1.15
corrected = metered^1.15
10s metered = 14s |
30s metered = 49s |
60s metered = 109s
Efke 50
Community tested
p = 1.20
corrected = metered^1.20
10s metered = 16s |
30s metered = 57s |
60s metered = 131s
Efke IR820
Significant failure for IR film
p = 1.50
corrected = metered^1.50
10s metered = 32s |
30s metered = 164s |
60s metered = 465s
Others
Other Film Stocks
Shanghai, Konica, Silberra, JCH, Ferrania, ORWO, Lomography, Film Washi, Kosmo Foto, and specialty films.
Shanghai GP3
P-value estimate
p = 1.55
corrected = metered^1.55
10s metered = 35s |
30s metered = 165s |
60s metered = 486s
Konica Centuria
Threshold behavior - EXCELLENT reciprocity
p = 1.30
No correction needed below 10 seconds. Above 10s, apply formula:
corrected = metered^1.30
Konica VX 100 / VX 400
Good reciprocity
p = 1.30
No correction needed below 1 second. Above 1s, apply formula:
corrected = metered^1.30
Konica Infrared 750nm
Significant failure
p = 1.45
corrected = metered^1.45
10s metered = 28s |
30s metered = 123s
Silberra Pan 50
p = 1.33
corrected = metered^1.33
10s metered = 21s |
30s metered = 83s
Silberra (other)
p = 1.35
corrected = metered^1.35
10s metered = 22s |
30s metered = 87s
JCH StreetPan 400
p = 1.35
corrected = metered^1.35
10s metered = 22s |
30s metered = 87s |
60s metered = 222s
Ferrania P30 / P33
p = 1.40
corrected = metered^1.40
10s metered = 25s |
30s metered = 104s
ORWO
p = 1.35
corrected = metered^1.35
10s metered = 22s |
30s metered = 87s
Lucky SHD 100
p = 1.40
corrected = metered^1.40
10s metered = 25s |
30s metered = 104s
Flic Film Elektra 100
Kodak Aerocolor T-grain base
p = 1.15
corrected = metered^1.15
10s metered = 14s |
30s metered = 49s |
60s metered = 109s
Lomography LomoChrome
p = 1.40
corrected = metered^1.40
10s metered = 25s |
30s metered = 104s
Lomography Earl Grey 100
Fomapan 100 base
p ~ 1.70
Same as Fomapan 100 Classic - see Fomapan section above
Lomography Lady Grey 400
Fomapan 400 base
p ~ 1.62
Same as Fomapan 400 Action - see Fomapan section above
Lomography Potsdam Kino 100 / Berlin Kino 400
ORWO base
p = 1.35
corrected = metered^1.35
10s metered = 22s |
30s metered = 87s
Kosmo Foto Mono 100
Rebadged Fomapan 100
p ~ 1.70
Same as Fomapan 100 Classic - see Fomapan section above
Kosmo Foto Agent Shadow
Likely Kentmere 400
p = 1.30
corrected = metered^1.30
10s metered = 20s |
30s metered = 74s
Dubblefilm / Revolog / Yodica / Kono!
Effect films
p = 1.40
corrected = metered^1.40
10s metered = 25s |
30s metered = 104s
Film Washi W25 (paper base)
Paper base = nearly no failure
p = 1.10
corrected = metered^1.10
10s metered = 13s |
30s metered = 41s |
60s metered = 91s
Film Washi (traditional emulsions)
p = 1.35
corrected = metered^1.35
10s metered = 22s |
30s metered = 87s
Cinema Films
No Reciprocity Failure
Cinema film stocks are designed for consistent exposure across a wide range of shutter speeds. These films need no correction for long exposures.
